Court Procedures

Lobectomy is a surgical procedure to remove a lobe of a lung (or liver) or brain tissue. It is performed to treat diseases such as cancer or localized damage. The term combines lob- (lobe) with -ectomy (excision).

Lymphadenectomy is a surgical procedure to remove lymph nodes, typically to diagnose or treat cancer. It involves careful dissection of nodal tissue while preserving surrounding structures. The term combines lymph, referring to lymphatic tissue, with adenectomy, meaning excision of a gland or gland-like tissue, though lymph nodes are not glands."

Mandibulectomy is a surgical procedure involving partial or complete removal of the mandible (lower jaw). It is performed to treat tumors, severe trauma, or infections when preservation of bone is not feasible. The term combines Latin roots and surgical nomenclature to describe the operation on the jawbone.

A mastoidectomy is a surgical procedure involving removal of part of the mastoid air cells behind the ear, typically to drain infection or access the middle ear and temporal bone. It can be performed via different approaches and may require reconstruction or facial nerve monitoring. The term combines anatomy-specific roots with surgical procedure language.

Maxillectomy is a surgical procedure involving the partial or complete removal of the maxilla (upper jaw). It is performed to treat malignancies, trauma, or severe pathology affecting the midface. The term combines anatomical reference with a surgical suffix, signifying the operation on the maxilla. The word is technical and used primarily in medical contexts and professional discourse.

A microdiscectomy is a minimally invasive spinal surgery to relieve nerve pressure caused by a herniated disc. The procedure involves removing a small portion of bone and the herniated disc material through a tiny incision, typically using microscopic visualization. It aims to decompress the affected nerve with minimal disruption to surrounding tissue.

microinvasive describes a medical or surgical approach that uses techniques so small in scope that tissue disruption is minimized, enabling access or treatment with minimal collateral damage. The term combines micro- as a small-scale prefix and invasive, indicating penetration of tissue, but designed to lessen invasiveness relative to conventional methods. It is often used in oncology, endoscopy, and minimally disruptive interventions.

Myotomy is a surgical procedure that involves cutting muscle to relieve constriction or improve function, typically by severing a muscle or its tendon. It is used to treat conditions where muscle tension or afterload impedes movement, such as removing spasm or relieving stenosis. The term combines 'myo-' (muscle) with '-tomy' (incision).

Myringoplasty is a surgical procedure to repair a perforated eardrum using graft material. The term combines ‘myringo-’ (related to the eardrum) and ‘-plasty’ (surgical repair). It is typically performed to restore hearing and prevent recurrent infections, often following trauma or chronic otitis media.

Nephrectomy is a surgical procedure to remove a kidney, typically performed for disease, cancer, or donation. It involves precise dissection and hemostasis, and may be done via open or laparoscopic approaches. The term encompasses the action and instrument- or procedure-based context in medical settings.

A surgical procedure to remove kidney stones by creating an opening through the kidney. The term designates an operation on the renal collecting system, typically using specialized instruments to fragment and extract calculi, usually via an incision in the kidney. The word reflects a precise medical procedure and is used in urology literature and surgical reports.

A nephroureterectomy is a surgical procedure that removes a kidney along with a portion of the ureter, typically to treat upper tract urothelial carcinoma or other renal/ureteral diseases. The operation combines nephrectomy with ureterectomy, often including bladder cuff excision. It is performed under general anesthesia and requires careful vascular and urinary tract reconstruction. The term reflects its dual removal focus and anatomical targets.

Neuroplasty is a surgical procedure that repairs or reshapes nerves to restore function or relieve pain. The term combines neuroscience roots with surgical -plasty, indicating reconstruction. It is a clinical, technical word used in medical contexts and discussions of nerve repair. Proper pronunciation helps ensure precise communication among surgeons and clinicians.

Neurosurgery is the medical specialty that focuses on the diagnosis, treatment, and surgical management of disorders of the brain, spine, and nervous system. It combines intricate neuroscience with surgical technique to address conditions such as tumors, aneurysms, trauma, and degenerative diseases. The term emphasizes both neural structures and operative intervention.

Neurotomy is a surgical procedure that involves cutting or transecting a nerve to relieve pain or to study nerve function. The term combines neuro- (nerve) with -tomy (cutting). It is a specialized, technical word often encountered in medical contexts and research, typically used in expert discussions rather than casual conversation.

Orchidectomy is a surgical procedure to remove one or both testicles. It is typically performed for medical reasons such as testicular cancer or gender-affirming care in certain contexts. The term derives from Greek roots and is used primarily in medical and academic settings, with emphasis on precise, clinical language rather than everyday speech.

Osteoclasis is a medical procedure involving intentional fracture and subsequent realignment of bone to correct deformities or treat bone pathologies. The term combines bone (osteo-) with breaking (clasis), reflecting its surgical purpose. It is a specialized term used in orthopedics and radiology, often encountered in clinical notes and case reports, and requires precise pronunciation to avoid miscommunication in multidisciplinary teams.

Osteoplasty is a surgical procedure that involves reshaping or repairing bone, often to correct deformities or facilitate dental or facial reconstruction. It typically refers to altering bone structure through precise cutting and sculpting, rather than removing bone entirely. The term combines medical roots indicating bone (osteo-) and molding or forming (-plasty).

Otoplasty is a surgical procedure to reshape or reposition the external ear. The term combines the Greek 'oura' for ear with 'plasis' meaning molding or form, and is used in medical contexts as well as cosmetic discussions. It’s a specialized word whose pronunciation can challenge non-medical speakers due to its multi-syllabic structure and use of less common consonant clusters.

Palatoplasty is a surgical procedure to repair the palate, typically addressing cleft palate or related velopharyngeal insufficiency. It involves restructuring the palate’s soft and/or hard tissues to restore function for speech and swallowing. The term combines anatomical and surgical roots, reflecting a precise, corrective operation rather than cosmetic change.

pancreaticojejunostomy is a complex surgical procedure that creates an anastomosis between the pancreatic duct or gland and the jejunum. It is typically performed to restore pancreatic drainage after pancreatic resection or injury. The term combines anatomical roots with a surgical suffix, reflecting the procedure’s nature and target organs. This high-difficulty word is often discussed in clinical or surgical contexts and requires precise articulation in medical communication.

Pancreatoduodenectomy is a complex pancreatic surgery that removes the head of the pancreas along with part of the duodenum, sometimes extending to nearby structures. It is also known as a Whipple procedure. The term labels the surgical procedure and is used primarily in medical contexts and scholarly writing.

Pancreatography is a medical imaging procedure that visualizes the pancreatic ducts and fluid pathways, typically using contrast material. It combines radiographic techniques with contrast administration to map the anatomy and identify abnormalities such as strictures or stones. The term derives from combining pancreatic with the suffix -ography, meaning a recording or imaging process.

Phacoemulsification is a modern cataract-removal technique that uses ultrasonic energy to break up the cloudy lens, which is then aspirated from the eye. The term combines Greek roots for eye and grinding, reflecting its method of emulsifying lens material for removal. It’s a technical term frequently used in ophthalmology and medical discussions about intraocular surgery.