2 syllables: Grand, ma. Stress on Grand.
GRAND-mah
/ˈɡɹændmɑ/
Grandma is pronounced GRAND-mah (/ˈɡɹændmɑ/). It has two syllables (Grand-ma), with the stress on "Grand". Grandma is an informal term for one’s grandmother, used as a warm, familial address or reference. It denotes a female grandparent and commonly appears in casual speech, affectionate conversation, and family storytelling. The word typically functions as a noun and can convey endearment depending on tone and context.
nounGrandma is an informal term for one’s grandmother, used as a warm, familial address or reference. It denotes a female grandparent and commonly appears in casual speech, affectionate conversation, and family storytelling. The word typically functions as a noun and can convey endearment depending on tone and context.
"My Grandma makes the best apple pie."
"Grandma told us stories about when she was a kid."
"We’re visiting Grandma this weekend, and she’s hosting dinner."
Grandma is pronounced with the primary stress on the first syllable: /ˈɡræn.mə/ in US/UK. The first syllable rhymes with 'cram' and has a short 'a' as in 'cat', followed by a reduced, unstressed second syllable /mə/. In rapid speech, the second syllable often sounds like a quick schwa or even a syllabic /m/; you’ll hear 'GRAN-muh' in casual talk. Audio examples: say 'grand' + 'ma' quickly, keeping the /æ/ near the 'cat' vowel.
Common errors include pronouncing the first syllable with a long ‘a’ as in 'grand-A', or turning the second syllable into a full vowel like 'grand-MAY-uh'. The typical, correct form uses a short /æ/ in the first syllable and a reduced /ə/ in the second: /ˈɡræn.mə/. Another frequent mistake is pronouncing it as two equal, crisp syllables. To fix: practice a fast, clipped /ˈɡræn/ followed by a quick, relaxed /mə/ (often a nearly silent /m/ into a schwa).
In General American and Received Pronunciation, first syllable carries primary stress with /æ/ in ‘grand’ and a weak /ə/ in ’ma’. US tends to rhoticize less in the second syllable; UK may exhibit a slightly stronger schwa and crisper /ɡræn/. In Australian English, the vowel quality in the first syllable can be more fronted, sometimes closer to /æ/ as in ‘cat’, with a very quick, almost elided second syllable. Overall, the rhythm remains trochaic (stressed-unstressed).
The difficulty lies in the rapid reduction from /æ/ to /ə/ in the second syllable and the tendency for the second syllable to be weak or elided in casual speech. For learners, keeping a crisp /æ/ then relaxing the jaw for a quick, muted /mə/ can be a challenge, especially when speaking at natural speed. Additionally, some speakers substitute /ɡræn/ with a more rounded or tense vowel, altering rhythm. Mastery comes from practicing the word in connected phrases to enforce natural reduction without losing recognition.
A distinctive feature is the rapid transition from the tense, fronted /æ/ to a very short, centralized /ə/ in the second syllable. You’ll often hear a nearly syllabic /m/ or a barely audible second vowel in casual speech. Focus on maintaining the /æ/ quality while relaxing the jaw for /mə/, ensuring the word remains two syllables even when spoken fast. Visualize stepping from a loud, clear ‘GRAN’ to a gentle ‘ma’ to preserve identity in rapid conversation.
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Grandma derives from the combination of grand- and -ma, a clipped form of grandmother. The prefix grand- has Indo-European roots meaning large, great, or senior and is used in kinship terms across many languages to denote generation-removed relatives (grandfather, granddaughter). The second element -ma comes from the affectionate diminutive used in English for mothers (mama, mamma) and was extended in English to convey grandmother in an informal, intimate manner. Early forms in Middle English show affectionate spellings like grandmamma or grandmama, evolving through regional dialects to the contracted grandma. The modern usage solidified in American English in the 19th and 20th centuries as families shifted toward casual speech, with grandma becoming a staple term in family life, commonly paired with terms of endearment and regional pronunciation variants. First known written attestations appear in a variety of English dialects as a colloquial address within households, reflecting the word’s role as a warm, familial title rather than a formal designation.
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💡 These words have similar meanings to "Grandma" and can often be used interchangeably.
🔄 These words have opposite meanings to "Grandma" and show contrast in usage.
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Words that rhyme with "Grandma"
-ama sounds
Practice with these rhyming pairs to improve your pronunciation consistency:
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