Chiropractic

Disc refers to a flat, circular object or a hard, flat disk. It also denotes a unit of information storage (as in a computer disk) and can function as a verb meaning to switch off or to record information on a disc. In anatomy, the term disc appears in phrases like intervertebral disc. The word carries a contemporary, technical flavor and is often used in science, technology, and everyday contexts.

Dorsi is a plural noun (often used in anatomical contexts) derived from Latin, referring to the dorsal aspects of body parts or structures. In medical or anatomical discourse, it denotes the back or posterior surface. Its pronunciation is typically two syllables, with emphasis on the first: DOR-si.

Dura is a multisyllabic term used across biology and anatomy (dura mater) and in some languages as a noun or adjective. In English contexts it often appears in compound terms or quotations referring to toughness or durability. The word’s pronunciation is straightforward in English, but its accent placement can subtly shift with surrounding sounds, informing clear, precise delivery in expert discourse.

Equina is a term used in anatomy deriving from Latin that denotes things relating to a horse or horse-like structure. In medical contexts it can refer to a bundle of nerve roots resembling a horse’s tail. The word is specialized, often appearing in academic or clinical descriptions rather than everyday speech.

Extensor is a biomedical term for a muscle or muscle group that increases the angle at a joint or straightens a limb. In anatomy, extensor muscles oppose flexors and are crucial for extending movements, such as straightening the wrist or fingers. The word appears in clinical, anatomical, and physiological discussions and is used across medical and sports sciences.

External refers to something situated or occurring on or outside of an object, boundary, or system. It can describe outward-facing surfaces, outside influences, or external factors in a broader context such as science, business, or everyday language. The term often contrasts with internal, emphasizing outward versus inward location, origin, or causation. In professional usage, it also denotes non-core or external sources.

fasciae is the plural of fascia, a connective tissue layer that surrounds muscles and organs. In anatomy, fasciae form a continuous network that helps compartmentalize and support structures within the body. The term is used in clinical and anatomical contexts and is pronounced with a long a in the first syllable and a final b2-like vowel, often stressed on the first syllable.

Fibrosus describes something relating to, consisting of, or characterized by fibrous tissue. In medical or anatomical contexts it often refers to tissues or structures that are fibrous in texture rather than vascular or glandular. The term is used in descriptions of connective tissue or fibrosed regions, where collagen-rich fibers predominate, imparting a tough, resilient quality to the structure.

Fibula is the smaller of the two bones in the lower leg, running parallel to the tibia and serving mainly for muscle attachment and ankle stability. In anatomy contexts it’s typically pronounced with the emphasis on the first syllable, and its name is used in medical discussions, sports medicine, and anatomy education.

Fibularis refers to muscles located on the outer side of the leg or to related structures (such as the fibularis longus, brevis, and tertius). The term is technical/medical in nature and is used in anatomy, physiology, and clinical contexts. It denotes a muscle group associated with foot eversion and ankle stabilization, typically encountered in advanced study or professional practice.

Flexor refers to a muscle or tendon that bends a limb at a joint, typically by contracting to decrease the angle of the joint. In anatomy, flexors are contrasted with extensors, which straighten joints. The term appears in contexts like anatomy, physiology, and biomechanics, where precise naming helps describe muscle groups and their functions.

Foramen refers to an opening or pore in a bone through which nerves, vessels, or other structures pass. In anatomy it denotes a natural hole, typically circular or oval, that connects internal spaces with exterior or other cavities. The term is most often used in phrases like foramen magnum or foramina plural, and is essential in anatomical descriptions and imaging interpretations.

Frontal is an adjective relating to the front part of something, especially the forehead or anterior region of the body or a structure. It can also describe something occurring at the front, facing forward, or pertaining to the frontal bone or frontal cortex in anatomy. In general use, it denotes forward-facing position, surface, or aspect, often in technical, medical, or anatomical contexts.

Gluteus refers to a group of buttock muscles, most notably the gluteus maximus, gluteus medius, and gluteus minimus. In anatomy contexts it denotes these muscles as a collective, or individually by name. The term is used across medical, educational, and fitness discussions to describe functions like hip extension, abduction, and stabilization.

Herniation is the act or process of a structure, such as an organ or tissue, protruding through its usual boundary or an opening, often due to weakness or pressure. In medicine, it commonly refers to a portion of tissue (like an intervertebral disc or abdominal organ) pushing through a surrounding membrane or fascia. The term implies displacement rather than normal position, and is frequently used to describe pathological protrusion.

Hindfoot refers to the posterior part of the human foot, comprising the talus and calcaneus (heel bone) that bear most of the body's weight when standing. It functions as the hindmost section during gait, connecting the ankle to the midfoot. In anatomy and biomechanics contexts, it contrasts with the forefoot and midfoot, forming the rear-supported foundation of locomotion.

Internal refers to something situated or occurring within something else, often used to describe inner bodily processes, internal affairs, or intrinsic aspects of objects or systems. It can function as an adjective or noun in various domains, including medicine, psychology, and organizational contexts. The term emphasizes inward location, internal structure, or intrinsic characteristics rather than external or outward elements.

Interspinal refers to situated between the spinal processes or relating to the spaces between spinal elements. In anatomy, it describes structures or spaces in the region between adjacent vertebrae, such as interspinous ligaments or interspinous spaces. The term is technical and used mainly in medical or anatomical contexts to specify location and relations within the spinal column.

intertransversarii is a plural anatomical term referring to small oblique muscles that lie between adjacent transverse processes of consecutive vertebrae, aiding segmental spinal stabilization. It is used chiefly in anatomical descriptions and medical contexts. The word is rarely used outside specialist literature, and correct pronunciation helps ensure precise communication in academic discussions and clinical settings.

intertransverse is a technical term describing a relation or position between transverse structures or processes, often used in anatomy to indicate connections or alignment across transverse planes. The term combines Latin roots meaning 'between' (inter-) and 'across a surface' (transverse), reflecting a relationship that spans across a transverse axis. It is typically found in scholarly or clinical context.

Latae is a plural noun or adjective form often used in scientific or botanical Latin, typically relating to broad, wide, or wide-spread parts. In English usage it may appear as a Latinized term in taxonomy or anatomical descriptions. The term is not common in everyday speech and tends to occur in scholarly or specialized contexts rather than casual conversation.

Latissimus is a Latin-origin term used in anatomy to describe broad, originating from the back. It typically refers to the latissimus dorsi, a large back muscle. In contexts beyond anatomy, it can appear in advanced medical or fitness discourse. It is a multi-syllabic word with a soft 'a' and a stress pattern that favors the penultimate syllable in many pronunciations.

Ligamentous describes something relating to ligaments, the fibrous connective tissues linking bones at joints. In medical or anatomical contexts it characterizes structures composed of or resembling ligaments. The term is often used for describing tissues, injuries, or conditions involving ligaments, sometimes implying a fibrous or ligament-rich nature.

Ligaments are fibrous bands that connect bones to other bones or cartilage, providing joint stability and restricting movement to prevent injury. They are tough, collagen-rich structures that vary in length and thickness and play a critical role in guiding motion and absorbing stress in joints.