uhn-SACH-ur-ay-tid
/əˈnsætʃɚˌeɪtɪd/
unsaturated is pronounced uhn-SACH-ur-ay-tid (/əˈnsætʃɚˌeɪtɪd/). Unsaturated describes a condition or substance that is not holding the maximum possible amount of a particular component (such as hydrogen in a hydrocarbon) or is capable of reacting further. In chemistry and economics, it denotes a state with available capacity for reaction or growth. The term is commonly used in chemical nomenclature, materials science, and discussions of markets where supply or binding sites are not fully saturated.
Unsaturated describes a condition or substance that is not holding the maximum possible amount of a particular component (such as hydrogen in a hydrocarbon) or is capable of reacting further. In chemistry and economics, it denotes a state with available capacity for reaction or growth. The term is commonly used in chemical nomenclature, materials science, and discussions of markets where supply or binding sites are not fully saturated.
"The unsaturated hydrocarbon chain can undergo additional reactions to form saturated compounds."
"The local market is showing signs of unsaturated demand for new housing, not yet at full capacity."
"In chemistry labs, unsaturated fats are distinguished from saturated fats by the presence of double bonds."
Break it as un-SAT-chu-rated with primary stress on the second syllable: /ˌənˈsætʃəreɪtɪd/ in US and UK IPA. The sequence un- (unstressed) + saturated (stressed on SAT) yields the main stress pattern, with a schwa-like reduction in -a- before -t, and the -ed pronounced as /ɪd/ or /ɪd/ in connected speech. When speaking, you’ll feel the tongue crest rising to /æ/ for SAT, then glide into /tʃ/ before /ə/ and /reɪ/ for -rate, ending with /ɪd/.
Common mistakes include placing primary stress on the wrong syllable (un-SAT-ur-ated), mispronouncing the /tʃ/ as /s/ or /ʃ/, and turning the -ated ending into a simple /eɪt/ without the delicate /ɪd/ or /ɪt/ closure. Correct by underlining the /tʃ/ blend after /æ/, keeping the /ə/ neutral in the second syllable, and finishing with a crisp /ɪd/. Try saying 'un-SAT-chuh-RA-ted' with the final /ɪd/ clearly projected at the tail of the word.
In US, UK, and AU, primary stress remains on the second syllable, but vowel qualities vary: US tends to a clearer /æ/ in SAT, UK often a slightly more open /æ/ with less rhotacism, and AU can be a centralized vowel before /t/; the /ɹ/ in suffixes may be rhotic in US, non-rhotic in UK/AU in some accents, affecting the surrounding vowels. All share /ˌənˈsætʃəreɪtɪd/ skeleton, with minor shifts in the middle vowels and the final /ɪd/ or /əd/ realization depending on tempo and formality.
Because it combines a multisyllabic sequence with a tricky consonant cluster /tʃ/ and a schwa-heavy middle, plus an ending that can devoice to /d/ or reduce to /ɪd/. The transition from /æ/ to /tʃ/ to /ə/ and then /reɪ/ requires precise tongue positions and lip rounding that can blur in fast speech. Focus on isolating the /tʃ/ blend and maintaining a crisp /d/ at the end to avoid a run-on ending.
A distinctive feature is the /tʃ/ sound in the second syllable, which follows a low-front vowel /æ/. This creates a quick, mid-word velar-alveolar transition that can pull the tongue back slightly from the /æ/ to the palate. Keep the /tʃ/ light but definite, ensuring the following /ə/ remains unstressed and centralized before the /r/ sound. This helps prevent a flattening of the /æ/ into a more neutral vowel.
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Unsaturated is formed from the prefix un- (not) + saturated (holding as much as possible). Saturated itself comes from Latin satūrāre, meaning to fill or satisfy, from satis (enough) + -ate. The nautical term saturation appears in the 16th century, but the chemical sense—having no capacity to hold more of a given element or reagent—emerged in the 19th and 20th centuries with the rise of combustion chemistry, fats, and hydrocarbon chemistry. In general usage, saturated describes a state of maximum capacity; unsaturated extends that idea to a state where additional bonding, binding sites, or capacity exist. The word has retained a flexible meaning across disciplines, from chemistry (double bonds, hydrogenation states) to economics (unsaturated demand) and materials science (unsaturated solutions), reflecting its root sense of “not fully filled.” First known uses appear in scientific writing of the 1800s, evolving as terminology in organic chemistry and market analysis became more standardized. Over time, its application broadened to describe any system that could still accommodate more of a given component or reaction, making it a versatile descriptor in both technical and everyday language.
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Words that rhyme with "unsaturated"
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