Manichean (adj.) relating to a dualistic worldview that divides reality into opposing forces, such as good and evil. It often describes a simplistic or dogmatic approach to complex issues. The term historically references the ancient Manichaeism religion, but in modern usage it denotes a binary mindset or framing in analysis or argument.
- US: rhoticity is less relevant for this word; ensure clear /ˈkiː/; keep the /æ/ closer to the short 'a' in cat. - UK: keep non-rhotic flow; /æ/ close to American /æ/, /iː/ longer; maintain crisp /k/. - AU: vowel mergers may alter /æ/ slightly toward /eə/; keep the same primary stress and a steady /iː/. Reference IPA to guide; keep the final /ən/ light.
"Her critique of the policy was Manichean, presenting only two extremes without acknowledging middle ground."
"The novel’s narrator adopts a Manichean stance, casting characters strictly as heroes or villains."
"Some scholars warn against Manichean readings of historical events, which overlook nuance."
"Her lecture rejected a Manichean dichotomy, advocating for a more nuanced, multifaceted perspective."
The word Manichean comes from Late Latin Manichaeus, from Greek Mani?ha?ikos, from Mani (224–276 CE), the founder of Manichaeism. The term originally described the religious system founded by Mani, a syncretic religion blending Gnostic, Christian, and Zoroastrian elements. In English, the adjective Manichean emerged in the 19th century to describe ideas, arguments, or worldviews that are starkly dualistic, especially in moral terms. Over time, the usage broadened beyond religious context to label any overly simplistic dichotomy that splits phenomena into absolute good vs. evil. The pronunciation adaptation in English followed typical loanword patterns: initial /mæn/ with a short a, followed by /əˈɪkiən/ or /iˈkeɪən/ variants. First known uses appear in literary criticism and philosophy in the 1800s, with scholars applying the term to analyze polemical or black-and-white rhetoric. The modern sense reflects a secular, critical use where complex issues are reduced to binary classifications. In contemporary discourse, Manichean is frequently cited to critique media narratives, policy debates, or historical interpretations that neglect grey areas, suggesting a call for more layered thinking.
💡 Etymology tip: Understanding word origins can help you remember pronunciation patterns and recognize related words in the same language family.
Help others use "Manichean" correctly by contributing grammar tips, common mistakes, and context guidance.
💡 These words have similar meanings to "Manichean" and can often be used interchangeably.
🔄 These words have opposite meanings to "Manichean" and show contrast in usage.
📚 Vocabulary tip: Learning synonyms and antonyms helps you understand nuanced differences in meaning and improves your word choice in speaking and writing.
Words that rhyme with "Manichean"
-ine sounds
-ain sounds
Practice with these rhyming pairs to improve your pronunciation consistency:
🎵 Rhyme tip: Practicing with rhyming words helps you master similar sound patterns and improves your overall pronunciation accuracy.
Pronounce as /ˌmænɪˈkiːən/ (US/UK) or /ˌmænɪˈkiːən/ with primary stress on the third syllable. Start with ‘man’ (short a as in man), then [ɪ] as in kit, then ‘kee’ with a long i, and finish with ‘ən’ as a schwa. For clear articulation, ensure the /n/ links smoothly into the /iː/; the second syllable is unstressed, the third bears strong emphasis. If you’re teaching, model the mouth positions: corners of lips slightly spread, tongue high for /iː/.
Common errors: (1) stressing the wrong syllable (placing emphasis on the first or second syllable instead of the third). (2) mispronouncing the /ˈkiː/ portion as /ki/ short vowel, producing /ˌmænɪˈkɪən/. (3) softening the final /ən/ into a clear ‘an’ rather than a reduced schwa. Corrections: keep primary stress on the third syllable, lengthen the /iː/ vowel, and end with a subdued /ən/; practice by breaking into syllables: /ˌmænɪˈkiːən/ and then blend. Use a light, quick tap of the tongue to connect /iː/ to /ən/.
US/UK/AU share the same core: /ˌmænɪˈkiːən/. The main differences lie in vowel quality and rhoticity. US speakers tend to produce a rhotic /r/ only if immediately followed by a vowel; generally non-rhotic in this word.UK speakers typically maintain non-rhoticity; vowel quality for /æ/ near /æ/ as in cat is similar, but /ˈkiː/ may be slightly tenser. Australian English often features a more centralized /ə/ in non-stressed vowels and a slightly flatter /iː/; intonation may be broader. All three keep the stressed /kiː/ segment prominent. IPA provided reflects a standard realization; real speakers may shift to /ˌmənɪˈkiːən/ due to vowel reduction.
Key challenges: long/tense /iː/ in the third syllable, and the triplet consonant flow from /k/ to /iː/ to /ən/ can feel tricky in rapid speech. The initial /mæ/ vs /mæ/ could be mispronounced as /ˈmænɪkæən/ if you misplace the stress. The unstressed second syllable can be reduced too much, making it sound like /mənɪˈkiːən/ or /ˌmæniˈkeɪən/. Focus on keeping the primary stress on the third syllable, maintain length for /iː/, and relax the jaw to avoid a clipped final /ən/.
A distinctive feature is the combination of the nasal onset /mæn-/ with a long high front vowel in the stressed syllable /ˈkiː-/; many learners freeze on the /kiː/ cluster and produce a short /ki/ or misplace the vowel. Another unique point is maintaining a clean link from /n/ into /iː/ without inserting extra consonants. Practically, say 'man' quickly, then glide into /iː/ before finishing with /ən/; your mouth should raise the body of the tongue toward /iː/ while the lips stay neutral.
🗣️ Voice search tip: These questions are optimized for voice search. Try asking your voice assistant any of these questions about "Manichean"!
No related words found
