5 syllables: crim, i, nal, i, ty. Stress on nal.
krim-uh-NAL-it-ee
/ˌkɹɪməˈnælɪti/
criminality is pronounced krim-uh-NAL-it-ee (/ˌkɹɪməˈnælɪti/). It has five syllables (crim-i-nal-i-ty), with the stress on "nal". Criminality refers to the state or quality of being involved in or characterized by crime; it denotes the propensity for crime or the overall criminal nature of an individual or situation. It is a formal, sociological term used to discuss patterns of illegal behavior, often in research, policy, or criminology contexts. The word emphasizes systemic or collective aspects of wrongdoing rather than isolated acts.
Criminality refers to the state or quality of being involved in or characterized by crime; it denotes the propensity for crime or the overall criminal nature of an individual or situation. It is a formal, sociological term used to discuss patterns of illegal behavior, often in research, policy, or criminology contexts. The word emphasizes systemic or collective aspects of wrongdoing rather than isolated acts.
"The study examined the factors underlying criminality in urban neighborhoods."
"Policy reforms aim to reduce criminality by addressing root causes like poverty and education."
"Public discourse often links media sensationalism with perceived increases in criminality."
Criminality is pronounced krih-MIH-nal-ih-tee with primary stress on the fourth syllable in standard US/UK usage: /ˌkrɪ.mɪˈnæl.ɪ.ti/. Start with the cluster /kr/ as in ‘crack’, then /ɪ/ as in ‘kit’, followed by /mɪ/ and the stressed /ˈnæl/ with the open front unrounded vowel, then /ɪ/ and finally /ti/ with a crisp /t/ before a long /i/. Tip: emphasize the -nal- syllable to avoid compressing into ‘criminal-ity.’
Common mistakes include shrinking the stressed syllable, pronouncing it as ‘CRIM-in-uh-li-tee’ with wrong stress, or merging syllables into ‘crim-i-NAL-i-ty.’ Another error is mispronouncing /ɪ/ as /iː/ or dropping the middle /l/ sound. To correct: keep secondary syllables quick but clear, pronounce /næl/ with a short, clear /æ/ like ‘cat,’ and articulate the final /ti/ as /tiː/ rather than /tɪ/ in rapid speech.
In US and UK, the word keeps primary stress on the second-to-last syllable: /ˌkrɪ.mɪˈnæl.ɪ.ti/. US speakers may have a slightly flatter vowel in /ɪ/ and a crisp /t/; UK speakers might reduce the middle /ɪ/ slightly and produce a more pronounced /æ/ in /næl/. Australian English is similar but often features a broader vowel timeline and a more centralized /æ/ in /næl/ with slight vowel height shifts. Overall, rhoticity is not a deciding factor here because the word is non-rhotic in some speakers but rhotic in others, depending on word-final /ti/ pronunciation.
The difficulty centers on the multi-syllabic rhythm and the cluster /kr/ at the start, then the shift from /ɪ/ to /mɪ/ to /ˈnæl/ and the final /ti/. The unstressed middles can blur, making /mɪ/ and /næl/ blend if you rush. Also, final /ti/ often becomes a clear /tiː/ or reduced to /ti/ depending on speed, which changes the perceived spelling cue. Focus on isolating each syllable and maintaining tempo so the stress lands on /ˈnæl/.
Does the middle syllable /næl/ typically get a stronger vowel than surrounding syllables in careful speech? Yes. In careful or formal speech, you’ll often hear a clear, slightly elongated /æ/ in /næl/ (as in ‘cat’), with the /l/ clearly pronounced. The surrounding syllables are faster and lighter, so the balance is: kri-MIH-næl-ih-tee with the emphasized /næl/ and crisp final /ti/. This contrast helps listeners segment the word clearly.
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- US: keep /ɪ/ in /krɪ/ and /mɪ/ slightly lax; non-rhoticity isn’t a factor here, but you’ll often hear a strong /æ/ in /næl/. Focus on a crisp /t/ at the end and a clear /iː/ or /i/ depending on pace. IPA: /ˌkrɪ.mɪˈnæl.ɪ.ti/. - UK: slower, with a clearer /æ/ in /næl/ and slightly more rounded /ɪ/; final /ti/ remains crisp. Rhymes stick with /-æ.li/ transitions. IPA: /ˌkrɪ.mɪˈnel.ɪ.ti/. - AU: broader vowels; /æ/ in /næl/ may be more open and lengthened; mild vowel shifts in /ɪ/ to a centralized sound; final /ti/ retained. IPA: /ˌkrɪ.mɪˈnelɪ.ti/. General tips: map mouth shapes to each phoneme, maintain even breath, and avoid letting the middle syllable lose its vowel quality.
Criminality derives from the noun crime, which comes from Old French crim, from Latin crimin-, crīmen, meaning ‘crime, accusation’ (akin to ‘judicial decision’). The suffix -ality comes from Latin -alis ‘pertaining to’ and -itas/-tās forming abstract nouns, indicating a state or condition. The modern English form criminality first appears in the 16th-18th centuries as scholars and jurists expanded discussions of crime into more abstract, sociological terms. Over time, the word shifted from naming individual acts of wrongdoing to describing patterns, tendencies, or the broader phenomenon of crime within societies. Today, criminality is a staple in criminology, policy analysis, and sociological literature, used to discuss defined rates, risk factors, and systemic drivers of criminal behavior across populations.
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Words that rhyme with "criminality"
-ity sounds
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