Afflicted describes someone or something severely affected by a condition or hardship. It conveys a sense of suffering or distress caused by illness, misfortune, or a troubling circumstance, often with a sense of ongoing burden. The term is commonly used in formal or literary contexts to emphasize impact or hardship.
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- You might substitute the final -ed with a simple /d/ or /t/ instead of the /ɪd/; fix by exaggerating the /ɪd/ sound for a moment during practice. - Another frequent error is delaying the onset of the stressed /flɪk/ syllable; keep the second syllable strong and clearly accented. - Some speakers flatten the vowel in the second syllable to /ɪ/ or even /i/, losing the subtle schwa leading up to it; rehearse with a full /ə/ in first syllable. - Substituting /f/ with /v/ or misplacing the /l/ can muddy the /fl/ blend; drill the exact lip contact and tongue position to maintain the clean fricative-to-liquid transition.
- US: /əˈflɪk.tɪd/; rhotic, clear /ɪ/ in the second syllable; keep the /t/ precise and the final /d/ voiced. - UK: /əˈflɪk.tɪd/; non-rhotic, slightly shorter vowels; keep /t/ sharp and the /ɪ/ restrained. - AU: /əˈflɪk.tɪd/; similar to UK but with a more centralized /ɪ/ and a lighter /t/ that can become a soft tap; maintain the /d/ at the end. Use IPA as reference and practice with a mirror to align mouth shapes.
"The village was afflicted by a mysterious illness that spread rapidly."
"She was afflicted with chronic migraines that flared up unpredictably."
"Laws were passed to help communities afflicted by natural disasters."
"Many families were afflicted, yet they maintained hope and resilience."
Afflicted comes from the past participle of the Latin verb affligere, meaning to strike, shake, or wound. The Latin prefix ad- + fligere (to strike, to fasten) yields affligere, with the sense of injuring or harming. In Middle English, afflicted appeared as a loanword through Old French affliqué, maintaining the core idea of being harmed or struck by misfortune. The form afflict means to burden or trouble; afflicted acts as the adjective or past participle describing someone who has been struck by suffering. The sense broadened in English to cover emotional or physical suffering, as in illness, calamity, or distress. First attested forms in English date to the 15th century, with later usage expanding to describe abstract or chronic afflictions, including social or economic hardships.
💡 Etymology tip: Understanding word origins can help you remember pronunciation patterns and recognize related words in the same language family.
Help others use "afflicted" correctly by contributing grammar tips, common mistakes, and context guidance.
💡 These words have similar meanings to "afflicted" and can often be used interchangeably.
🔄 These words have opposite meanings to "afflicted" and show contrast in usage.
📚 Vocabulary tip: Learning synonyms and antonyms helps you understand nuanced differences in meaning and improves your word choice in speaking and writing.
Words that rhyme with "afflicted"
-ted sounds
Practice with these rhyming pairs to improve your pronunciation consistency:
🎵 Rhyme tip: Practicing with rhyming words helps you master similar sound patterns and improves your overall pronunciation accuracy.
You pronounce it as /əˈflɪk.tɪd/. The primary stress is on the second syllable, FLIK. Start with a schwa /ə/, then the short /ɪ/ as in kit, the /k/ at the coda of the second syllable, and finish with a light /tɪd/. It’s a two-syllable vowel sequence leading into a final -ed that sounds like /ɪd/ in this case."
Common errors include saying /æˈflɪktɪd/ with a long æ in the first vowel, or slurring the -ed to a plain /d/. Also, some say /əˈflɪkt/ or drop the -ed ending, giving /əˈflɪkt/. Correct it by ensuring the first vowel is a neutral schwa, the stress on FLɪK, a crisp /t/ before the final /ɪd/ and a clear final /d/. Practice the sequence: ə-ˈflɪk-tɪd with a light, rapid transition into the final /tɪd/ to avoid a clipped. sound."
In US English, you’ll hear /əˈflɪk.tɪd/ with rhotic /r/-less syllable and a quick, crisp /t/. In UK English, /əˈflɪk.tɪd/ retains non-rhotic rhythm; the vowels are slightly more clipped and the /ɪ/ in the second syllable is short. Australian English closely mirrors UK but may feature a slightly more centralized vowel in /ɪ/ and a very light /t/ that can sound like a soft /d/ or a flap in connected speech. Overall the primary stress remains on the second syllable, but vowel quality shifts subtly by locale."
Two main challenges: first, the sequence /-flɪk-/ requires a swift, precise /l/ and /k/ cluster closure, which can blur if you hurry. Second, the -ed ending /ɪd/ adds a palatal-tap feel that many non-native speakers miss, tending to reduce to /d/ or omit it. The result is a common mispronunciation like /əˈflɪkt/ or /əˈflɪk.tɪ/ without the final d. Focus on the clean /tɪd/ ending and a short, stressed /ɪ/ in the second syllable."
A distinctive aspect is the /flɪk/ cluster, where the tongue must transition from the /f/ lips-to-teeth fricative into the hard /l/ and then into a rapid /k/. The /flɪk/ sequence demands careful timing: lightly touch the top teeth with the lower lip for /f/, immediately lift for the /l/ with the tongue tip touching the alveolar ridge, then jerk the back of the tongue to a /k/ closure. Mastering this sequence ensures the word lands cleanly with the expected two-syllable rhythm and a crisp -ed ending.
🗣️ Voice search tip: These questions are optimized for voice search. Try asking your voice assistant any of these questions about "afflicted"!
- Shadowing: listen to a short audio of a native speaker saying afflictED and repeat in real time, matching rhythm and intonation. - Minimal pairs: afflictED vs afflicted? (no, but contrast with 'insulted' or 'fricted' for clue). Better: practice against 'afflict' (present) and 'afflicted' (past participle) to feel the extra /ɪd/; - Rhythm: stress on second syllable: uh-FLIK-tid, practice a two-beat rhythm in the second syllable; - Syllable drills: /ə/ /ˈflɪk/ /tɪd/; - Speed progression: start slow, then 80-90% natural speed; - Context sentences: 'The town was afflicted by a harsh drought, and relief efforts followed.' 'Many families felt afflicted after the flood.' - Recording: record yourself and compare to a native sample; - Intonation: ensure falling intonation on the final syllable.
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