Adduced means cited as evidence or brought forward to support an argument. The term is typically used in formal writing and legal or scholarly contexts, indicating that evidence has been offered for consideration. Pronounced with two syllables and stress on the second: a-DUCED, it functions as a past-tense verb or past participle in appropriate constructions.
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- You’ll hear and feel the /d/ release before the /j/ glide; many learners skip or dull this step and end up with /əˈduːst/ or /əˈdʒuːst/. - Final /st/ can soften in rapid speech; practice crisp release without adding extra vowel. - Consonant cluster timing matters; in connected speech, the /j/ should not bleed into the following word. Practice with sentence frames to stabilize the transition.
- US: rhotic exposure may color the /ə/ subtly; the /a/ in the first syllable is a schwa, not an a- sound. /ɪ/ in some contexts is reduced to /ə/. - UK: non-rhoticity affects the final r-less quality; the /dj/ sequence has a sharper onset; keep the /d/ clear. - AU: vowel mergers can lighten the /juː/; maintain the glide to keep the /dj/ distinct. IPA: /əˈdjuːst/ across accents, with subtle vowel differences.
"The lawyer adduced new testimony to bolster her client’s alibi."
"The study adduced robust data showing a correlation between the variables."
"During the debate, he adduced several precedents to support his claim."
"The committee adduced a critical piece of evidence that shifted the investigation."
Adduce comes from the Latin adducere, meaning “to bring toward” or “to lead to.” The prefix ad- means “toward,” and ducere means “to lead.” In Latin, adducere was used in legal and rhetorical contexts to mean “to bring forward” evidence or reasons. The term entered English via Old French aduser or aducer, maintaining the core sense of bringing forward for consideration. Its earliest English usage appears in the medieval period within scholastic and legal discourse, where arguments or proofs were adduced to support claims. Over time, adduce retained a formal tone, narrowing primarily to the act of presenting evidence or arguments in support of a proposition. In modern usage, adduce often appears in academic, legal, or formal analytical writing, with a nuance of methodical presentation rather than casual mention. The word’s spelling reflects its Latin roots, with the pronunciation emphasizing the syllable that carries the weight of the argument. Its common collocations include “adduce evidence,” “adduce a point,” and “adduce reasons,” underscoring its evaluative, evidentiary function in discourse.
💡 Etymology tip: Understanding word origins can help you remember pronunciation patterns and recognize related words in the same language family.
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💡 These words have similar meanings to "adduced" and can often be used interchangeably.
🔄 These words have opposite meanings to "adduced" and show contrast in usage.
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Words that rhyme with "adduced"
-ced sounds
Practice with these rhyming pairs to improve your pronunciation consistency:
🎵 Rhyme tip: Practicing with rhyming words helps you master similar sound patterns and improves your overall pronunciation accuracy.
US/UK/AU pronunciation centers the second syllable: /əˈdjuːst/ (US/UK: ə-DYOO-st; AU: ə-DYOO-st). The primary challenge is the /dʒ/ to /djuː/ sequence after the initial schwa; your mouth should start relaxed, then push the tongue to glide into the /dʒ/→/djuː/ blend; end with a clear /st/. Stress is on the second syllable. Practically, think: uh-DYOO-st, with the bunched tongue transitioning into the /j/ sound. Listen for the crisp final /st/ consonant. IPA: US/UK/AU: əˈdjuːst.
Common errors: (1) Misplacing stress on the first syllable (a-DUced) or flattening to /əˈdʌst/—stress must be on the second syllable. (2) Slurring the /djuː/ cluster into /dʒuː/ or /duː/; you should produce a distinct /d/ followed by /j/ vocalization into /juː/. (3) Final /st/ becomes an /s/ or /t/ only; ensure a crisp /st/ with a quick release. Correction: practice the sequence dah-DYOO-st and hold the air for the /d/ before the /j/ glide; enunciate the /st/ clearly. IPA reference: /əˈdjuːst/.”},{
US: /əˈduːst/ with a rhotic, followed by a strong /d/. UK: /əˈdjuːst/ with non-rhotic R; the /juː/ glide is prominent. Australia: /əˈdjuːst/ similar to UK, but vowel qualities may be flatter; the /juː/ may be reduced slightly in fast speech. The main differences are vowel length and rhoticity; the core /djuːst/ cluster stays intact across accents. IPA: US/UK/AU: əˈdjuːst.
Two main challenges: (1) The /djuː/ sequence requires a precise /d/ followed by /j/; beginners often merge into /dj/ or /juː/ without the /d/ release. (2) The stressed second syllable /ˈduː/ needs a clear long vowel; avoid reducing to a short /u/; maintain the and-syllable rhythm: uh-DYOO-st. IPA cues help: /əˈdjuːst/.
A notable feature is the /dʒ/ progression as part of the /djuː/ glide: you begin with /d/ and immediately raise the tongue toward the palate for the /j/ sound, producing a smooth but distinct transition. This makes the syllable feel lighter than a hard /duː/ cluster and gives the word its precise, formal cadence in careful speech. IPA reminder: /əˈdjuːst/.
🗣️ Voice search tip: These questions are optimized for voice search. Try asking your voice assistant any of these questions about "adduced"!
- Shadowing: listen to a native speaker say adduced slowly, then at natural pace; imitate exactly the 5-6 target productions. - Minimal pairs: adduce vs. deduce, induce vs. induce, and less-distinct clusters to train /d/ + /j/. - Rhythm: practice iambic or trochaic patterns; place 1-second pause after first syllable to feel the stress shift. - Stress: ensure second syllable carries main stress; practice with finger tapping on second syllable. - Recording: use a smartphone; compare with Cambridge/Oxford dictionary audio; adjust mouth position until audio matches. - Context sentences: integrate adduced successfully into formal writing to maintain cadence.
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