Monosaccharides are the simplest form of carbohydrates, consisting of a single sugar unit that cannot be hydrolyzed into simpler sugars. They serve as fundamental building blocks for more complex carbohydrates like disaccharides and polysaccharides, and play key roles in energy metabolism and storage. Typical examples include glucose, fructose, and galactose. (2–4 sentences, 50–80 words).
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