Contract Law

Implied describes something suggested or inferred rather than stated outright. It conveys meaning through implication, context, or indirect cues rather than explicit assertion. The term often appears in argumentation, analysis, or narrative where the speaker relies on reader inference and shared assumptions.

Indemnification is the act of compensating for harm or loss, typically through a legal obligation or agreement that obligates one party to reimburse another. It ensures the harmed party is made financially whole, often by shielding them from liability or by covering costs incurred. The term is common in contracts and insurance contexts and conveys a formal, protective commitment.

Intention refers to a mental aim or plan guiding one’s actions. It denotes a purposeful, forward-looking motive behind behavior, as opposed to mere reaction. In practice, it often underpins decisions, commitments, and the expected outcome of a person’s conduct.

A legal or contractual term meaning the act of withholding or not disclosing information. The word denotes a formal constraint or promise not to reveal sensitive details, often to protect confidentiality. It combines a negation prefix with a base related to revealing or making information known, highlighting the idea of withholding information in professional contexts.

Novation refers to the act of replacing a contractual obligation or party with a new one, or the substitution of a new instrument or agreement for an existing one. It is a formal legal/business term used to indicate a clean substitution that releases the original party from obligations. The concept emphasizes continuity under a revised contract or arrangement.

Obligations are duties or commitments that require someone to act or refrain from acting in a particular way. They bind a person legally, morally, or socially to fulfill specified tasks, responsibilities, or conditions. This term often appears in legal, financial, and professional contexts where failing to meet obligations can have consequences.

Offer is a verb or noun referring to presenting something for acceptance or a proposed arrangement. It involves stating a willingness to give, grant, or negotiate, as in making an offer in a contract or offering assistance. The pronunciation centers on a stressed /ˈɒf.ər/ in many dialects, with a reduced final syllable often realized as /ər/ or /ɚ/ depending on accent. Context determines formal or casual usage.

Partnership is a collaborative relationship in which two or more parties agree to cooperate toward common objectives, sharing resources, risks, and rewards. It implies formal or informal alignment of interests, mutual trust, and accountability, often with a defined scope or duration. In business and social contexts, it denotes a structured alliance that leverages combined strengths to achieve outcomes larger than any单 party could achieve alone.

A party to whom a promise is made or from whom a promise is expected in a contract or legal arrangement. The term is rare in everyday usage, appearing primarily in formal or historical contexts to denote the recipient of a promise. As a word, it emphasizes the beneficiary role rather than the act of promising itself. (2-4 sentences, ~60 words)

Promisor is a person who makes a promise or covenant, especially in a formal or legal context. In everyday use it refers to someone who commits to performing a future action, while in contract law it denotes the party that undertakes to fulfill a promise, distinct from the promisee. The term emphasizes the obligation created by the promise, rather than its reception.

Ratification is the formal confirmation or validation of a treaty, contract, or agreement by an authoritative body. It marks the official acceptance and binding effect of the document or arrangement. The term is often used in legal, political, and diplomatic contexts to denote completion of the consent process and the start of enforceable obligations.

restitution is a noun meaning the restoration of something to its proper owner or its original state, or compensation for loss or damage. It is used in legal, moral, and economic contexts, often signaling repair or repayment. The term implies a corrective action intended to restore balance or equity after harm or wrongdoing.

Severability refers to a legal doctrine allowing a court to sever or excise unconstitutional provisions from a statute while leaving the remainder intact. It addresses whether the rest of the law can function independently if one part is invalid, preserving as much of the legislation as possible. (2–4 sentences; 50–80 words)

A formal condition or requirement embedded in an agreement, contract, or rule, typically specifying terms that must be met or observed. It often conveys a constraint that must hold true for a larger arrangement to be valid. The word emphasizes the obligation rather than the broader subject.

Tort is a legal wrong or civil wrong, giving the injured party a right to seek remedies. In law, it covers wrongful acts leading to civil liability, excluding breaches of contract. The term is also used in medicine or science as a verb form meaning to twist or distort, though this is far less common. In everyday usage, tort is primarily encountered in phrases like tort law or medical torts.

A word referring to an instance of buying or selling something, or to the act of conducting business dealings. It typically denotes a formal exchange, often recorded or completed through a mechanism like a sale, transfer, or agreement. In linguistics it can also describe the process of transmitting data or funds between parties. The term spans commerce, finance, and information systems contexts.